WHAT CAUSES ULCER?

An ulcer is a sore that forms on the lining of the stomach, small intestine, or esophagus, and it’s often due to several underlying factors. Here are the main causes:

1.     Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Infection: This bacteria is a primary cause of ulcers, particularly in the stomach and duodenum. It damages the protective lining of the digestive tract, allowing acid to create an open sore.

2.  Long-term Use of NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs): Medications like ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen can irritate or weaken the stomach lining, especially when used over long periods or in high doses, increasing the risk of ulcers.

3.     Excessive Stomach Acid Production: Conditions like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, which leads to excessive acid production, can contribute to the formation of ulcers. High levels of acid can overwhelm the protective lining.

4.     Lifestyle Factors: Although stress and spicy foods don’t directly cause ulcers, they can aggravate symptoms. Smoking and excessive alcohol intake can also weaken the stomach lining, making it more vulnerable to acid.

5.   Genetics: Some people may be genetically predisposed to developing ulcers due to an increased likelihood of H. pylori infection or a tendency to produce excess stomach acid.

Treatment typically involves antibiotics for H pylori infections, acid-reducing medications, and lifestyle changes to promote healing and prevent recurrence.