WHAT ARE MICROPLASTICS?

Microplastics are tiny plastic particles less than 5 millimeters (0.2 inches) in size. They result from the breakdown of larger plastic debris or are manufactured as small particles for specific applications. Microplastics are a significant environmental concern because of their prevalence in ecosystems and potential impact on living organisms.

Types of Microplastics

1. Primary Microplastics: Intentionally manufactured small particles, such as:
• Microbeads in personal care products (e.g., exfoliants in scrubs and toothpaste).
• Industrial raw materials like plastic pellets (nurdles).
• Synthetic fibers from clothing, released during washing.
2. Secondary Microplastics: Formed through the fragmentation of larger plastic items, such as:
• Plastic bottles, bags, or packaging breaking down due to UV radiation, waves, or physical wear.
• Fishing gear like nets and lines degrading over time.

Sources of Microplastics

• Household: Washing synthetic clothing, using microbead-containing products.
• Industrial: Improper disposal of plastic waste, pellet spills.
• Environmental: Weathering and erosion of plastic waste in oceans, rivers, and soil.

Environmental Impact

• Found in oceans, rivers, soil, and even the air.
• Ingested by marine life, potentially entering the food chain.
• Adsorb harmful chemicals, which may pose risks to wildlife and humans.

Health Concerns

• Potential ingestion or inhalation by humans.
• Potential for bioaccumulation and toxicity.
• Unclear long-term effects, prompting ongoing research.

Reducing microplastic pollution involves better waste management, reducing single-use plastics, and using alternative biodegradable materials.